What does .new do in custom functions?

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.new doesn’t necessarily do anything. When you use OOP(Object Oriented Programming), you create simple, lets say description of an object. This might include functions. You Create table where you “describe” this particular object and you do that with Function like this

local Vehicles = {}
Vehicles.__index = Vehicles

function car.whatever(Speed, SuspensionHeight, Model, Position)
   local Car = {}
   setmetatable(Car, Vehicles)

   Car.Speed = Speed
   Car.SuspensionHeight = SuspensionHeight
   Car.Model = Model
   Car.Position = Position
   
   return Car
end

function Vehicle:Spawn()
    Vehicles.Car.Model.PrimaryPartCFrame = CFrame.new(Car.Positoin)
end

now if I ever want to create a new Car all I have to do is this:

Car = Vehicles.whatever(120, 4, game.ServerStorage.Corvette, vector3.new(27, 0, 17))
Car:Spawn()

As you can see .new is just name of the function. So what it does depends on what you make it to do. See THIS for great OOP Community Tutorial. I’m new to OOP myself so there might be mistakes in my code, but generally, answer to your question is that:
.new is just name of a function inside table , or metatable to be precise.

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