You should use module scripts if you want to use table related functions from multiple scripts.
Though if you still want to modify the table library (or any default library), you can do something like this:
local tableLib = {}
for key, value in table do
tableLib[key] = value
end
tableLib["testFunction"] = function(test: string)
print(test)
end
table = tableLib
table.testFunction("hi") -- Prints "hi"